Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to nipple discharge
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Suspicious Nipple Discharge Diagnostic Evaluation
The diagnosis of ND begins with its characterization as either a physiological or pathological condition (Simmons et al., 2003). Physiological discharge, often a manifestation of breast manipulation, is usually bilateral, is white or green, and emanates from many ducts (Simmons et al., 2003). Possible causes of persistent physiological discharge include oral contraceptives, antihypertensives, t...
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Nipple discharge is a common symptom women complain of. It is classified as normal or abnormal depending on features such as laterality, cycle variation, quantity, color or presentation (induced vs spontaneous). It can be related to benign conditions such as intraductal papilloma, duct ectasia, plasma cell mastitis, galactorrhea or malignant such as ductal or papillary carcinoma. Techniques use...
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Colorectal cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignancy in the USA, Europe, and Japan. Most colorectal cancers are thought to arise from preexisting adenomas based on the concept of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence [1]. Chromoendoscopy, using Kudo and Tsuruta’s pit pat‐ tern classification, is an efficient tool for the differential diagnosis of colorectal polyps [2-4]. Re‐ cently, image-enhance...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Cellular Immunotherapy
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2352-1775
DOI: 10.1016/j.jocit.2017.04.006